A
Work Enters Public Domain:
- When the copyright expires on a work, has not
been renewed and freely available to anyone to use it or,
- Work is produced by the United States Government
for the benefit of its citizens, or
- When the copyright holder
specifically states in writing that the work is
available for use in the public domain.
The 1918 version of Gray's Anatomy is in the Public Domain. You can scan all
of the images in the book and do whatever you want with the images.
The 2003 version of Gray's Anatomy is
NOT in the Public Domain. There are new authors,
substantial illustration changes and new text. Most importantly, it has been
copyrighted. It is protected at least until 2047 and far beyond that when the
automatic copyright renewal extension kicks in.
This Public Domain Chart combines information from Lolly Gasaway, University
of North Carolina, and Peter B. Hirtle at
Cornell Institute for Digital Collections. Don't assume
that a publication is available because it is old.
The United States Copyright Office
has an online search feature to help you determine if a work is or is not in the
Public Domain.
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Date of Work
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Type of Work
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Public Domain Status
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Published before 1923
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Published with a copyright notice
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Public Domain
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Published before 1923
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Published without a copyright notice
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Public Domain
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Published Between 1923 and 1963
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Published without a copyright notice
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Public Domain
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Published Between 1923 and 1963
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Published with a copyright notice but work was not renewed in the
28th year...
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Public Domain
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Published Between 1923 and 1963
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Published with a copyright notice and was renewed
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In 95 years
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Published Between 1964 and 1978
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Published with a copyright notice and renewed
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In 95 years
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Published Between 1964 and 1978
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Published without a copyright notice
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Public Domain
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Published Between
1978 and March 1, 1989
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Published without a copyright notice or registration
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Public Domain
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After March 1, 1989
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Doesn't require any action.
The work is copyrighted at the moment of creation.
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70 years after death of author, if a company commission work the
shorter of 95 years of publication or 120 years from creation.
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